Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women in the United States. While it’s often linked to smoking, many non-smokers are also affected. Here are answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about lung cancer, including symptoms, causes, and the latest treatment options.
Can Non-Smokers Get Lung Cancer?
Yes. While smoking is the top risk factor, about 20% of lung cancer deaths in the U.S. occur in non-smokers, according to the American Cancer Society. Other risk factors include:
- Secondhand smoke exposure
- Radon gas exposure (a radioactive gas that can accumulate in homes)
- Air pollution
- Asbestos exposure
- Genetic mutations or family history
Smoking significantly increases your risk, but it’s not the only cause.
What Are the Main Types of Lung Cancer?
There are two primary types:
1. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
- Accounts for about 85% of all cases
- Grows slower than small cell lung cancer
- Includes subtypes such as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
2. Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
- More aggressive and fast-growing
- Often spreads (metastasizes) before being diagnosed
- Typically diagnosed at a more advanced stage
What Are the Symptoms of Lung Cancer?
Lung cancer symptoms often don’t appear until the disease is in its later stages. However, early warning signs may include:
- Chronic cough that won’t go away
- Coughing up blood
- Shortness of breath or wheezing
- Chest pain
- Frequent lung infections
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Hoarseness or headaches
If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if you are a current or former smoker, talk to your doctor.
How Many Stages Does Lung Cancer Have?
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) has four stages:
- Stage 1: Cancer is in one lung only
- Stage 2: Cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes
- Stage 3: Cancer is in both the lung and chest lymph nodes
- Stage 4: Cancer has spread to both lungs or distant organs
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is divided into two stages:
- Limited stage: Cancer is in one lung or nearby lymph nodes
- Extensive stage: Cancer has spread to both lungs or other parts of the body
What Are the Treatment Options for Lung Cancer?
Lung cancer treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer. Common treatment approaches include:
- Surgery – to remove tumors if cancer is localized
- Radiation therapy – to destroy cancer cells with targeted energy
- Chemotherapy – to kill fast-growing cancer cells throughout the body
- Immunotherapy – to help your immune system recognize and fight cancer
- Targeted therapy – for cancers with specific genetic mutations
Your oncologist will develop a customized treatment plan based on your cancer type, stage, and overall health.
Get Expert Lung Cancer Care at Gregory Rhodes MD Cancer Center
If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with lung cancer—or are experiencing symptoms—our team at Gregory Rhodes MD Cancer Center is here to help. We offer advanced diagnostics, personalized treatment plans, and compassionate care every step of the way.
Don’t wait. Contact us today or call (925) 954-8786 to schedule a consultation.
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