Swollen Glands: When to See a Doctor

Swollen glands—also called swollen lymph nodes—are a common response to infections and usually go away on their own. But in some cases, they could point to something more serious.

If you’ve noticed tenderness or lumps in your neck, under your jaw, in your armpits, or near your groin, it may be your immune system at work. Here’s what to know about swollen glands, possible causes, and when you should speak to a doctor.

What Are Swollen Glands?

Swollen glands are enlarged lymph nodes—small, bean-shaped structures that help your body filter harmful substances and fight infections. They're often most noticeable in areas like:

• The neck
• Under the chin
• Behind the ears
• Armpits
• Above the collarbone
• Groin

When you're sick, these lymph nodes swell as they fill with immune cells to trap bacteria and viruses.

Most Common Causes of Swollen Glands

Most cases of swollen glands are due to minor infections such as:

• The common cold or flu
• Strep throat or tonsillitis
• Sinus infections
• Ear infections
• Mononucleosis (mono)
• Skin infections like cellulitis

In these cases, the swelling typically goes down within 1 to 2 weeks as the body recovers.

Swollen Glands in the Neck: Should You Worry?

Swollen glands in the neck are usually nothing to worry about, especially if you also have symptoms like a sore throat, fever, or runny nose. However, persistent swelling—especially if it worsens—should be checked by a doctor.

Rarely, swollen glands can be a sign of something more serious, like lymphoma or another type of cancer. Additional symptoms that could signal concern include:

• A lump in your neck that doesn’t go away
• Swollen glands without signs of infection
• Unexplained weight loss
• Night sweats
• Chest pain

What About Swollen Salivary Glands?

A related condition called sialadenitis refers to inflammation or blockage in the salivary glands. This is most common in adults over 50 and those who are dehydrated or recovering from surgery.

Symptoms of swollen salivary glands include:

• Dry mouth or bad taste
• Pain or swelling under the jaw or ear
• Difficulty swallowing
• Pain when opening the mouth

Salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis) are often to blame. These are small calcium deposits that block saliva flow and cause swelling and pain.

Causes of Swollen Salivary Glands

• Smoking
• Radiation therapy (especially to the mouth or head)
• Autoimmune conditions like lupus
• Chronic dehydration
• Medications like diuretics

Treatment for Swollen Glands or Salivary Glands

For most mild cases, treatment is simple:

• Drink plenty of fluids
• Apply a warm compress
• Gently massage the area
• Suck on sour candy to stimulate saliva
• Take over-the-counter pain relievers

If infection is present, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics. In more serious cases, minor procedures or surgery may be needed to remove stones or drain blocked glands.

When to Contact a Doctor

Talk to your doctor if:

• Swelling lasts longer than 2 weeks or worsens
• You have difficulty swallowing or breathing
• The glands are hard, fixed in place, or painless
• You have unexplained weight loss or fatigue

Gregory Rhodes MD Cancer Center Is Here to Help

Swollen glands are usually harmless—but it’s important to listen to your body. If something doesn’t feel right or you have persistent swelling, our expert team at Gregory Rhodes MD Cancer Center is here to evaluate your symptoms and provide answers.

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